Unused pages are stored on the freelist and are reused when additional pages are Unused pages can come about, for example, when information is deleted from the database. "A database file might contain one or more pages that are not in active use. Here is how explains the meaning of freelists: Such unused pages in the database file are stored on what is called These pages may be createdĪnd reserved for future use to improve performance in this case, they contain no Page numbering startsĪ SQLite database may have one or more unused pages. Each page has a number assigned by the SQLite engine.Each page may have one of the many roles assigned by SQLite.Typically, all pages are of the same size and this size is specified when.The size of each page is specified in the file header.The database image is broken up into "pages" of a fixed size.Things to know about the "database image": Ongoing transaction) records are stored in a file called the "Database Image". In a SQLite database, regular (meaning, not deleted and not being a part of an Necessarily mean that that item was explicitly and intentionally deleted by a user. This means that if you recover something from a SQLite database, it does not System data can be cleaned automatically by an operating system (for example,.A specialized application, which cleans up various traces, can be involved.Browser history can be cleared, whether manually or automatically.Would store a secret message until a given amount of time has passed since it A secret chat disappeared after a "time bomb" triggered.Not necessarily in a SQLite format, while it is cleaned from the original database Application automated archiving history (older history is stored in a backup,.
Application automated history cleaning (e.g., scheduled to be cleaned once.Not just a user hitting the Delete button or swiping a line in their mobile chatĪmong other reasons that an item may become deleted: There are many things which may cause a database record to be deleted. Recovering SQLite deleted data from freelists What deleted data could be This SQLite feature allows finding deleted data even outside of freelists Unallocated space: not to be confused with hard drive unallocated space,.Store recently added or recently deleted data Journal and Write-Ahead Log (WAL) files: transactional files, which can.Freelists: a special area inside a SQLite database, which contains recently.The following SQLite features are important to be aware of and use in the course We will use Belkasoft X, a DFIR tool by Belkasoft to illustrate the conceptsīeing discussed. In this article, we will review the most forensically interesting SQLite features,ĭangers of using a non-forensic tool for SQLite analysis and offer a set of requirements Must know the SQLite features and peculiarities, as well as the proper tools toĮxtract as much information from SQLite databases as possible. This is why every digital forensics investigator and cyber incident responder Of desktop applications use SQLite and even Microsoft has chosen this format for
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SQLite is a widely popular database format that is used extensively almost everywhere.īoth iOS and Android devices employ SQLite as a storage format of choice, with built-inĪnd third-party applications relying on SQLite to keep their data. Everything you need to know about SQLite forensics, including freelists, journal files, unallocated space carving, and why it is dangerous to use non-forensic tools for SQLite analysis.
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